wild-pc/AGENTS.md

AGENTS.md — Castle

You are working in Castle, a personal software platform. Castle is a monorepo of independent programs managed by the castle CLI. From this directory you can manage all the software on this box from source — create programs, deploy them as services, jobs, tools, or static frontends, route them through the gateway, expose them over TLS or a public tunnel, and coordinate across nodes.

This file is the canonical, agent-agnostic guide. For exhaustive detail every section links to a doc under docs/. Read those before non-trivial changes.

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1. Mental model — two layers

Castle splits every piece of software into what it is and how it runs here:

• programs/<name>.yaml — the software catalog: source, stack, build, system dependencies. "What software exists."
• deployments/<name>.yaml — how a program is realized on this node. Discriminated on manager: systemd | caddy | path | none.

The human-facing kind is derived from the manager (+ schedule), never stored:

manager	+ schedule?	derived kind	what it is
systemd	no	service	a long-running daemon
systemd	yes	job	a scheduled task (.timer)
path	—	tool	a CLI installed on your PATH
caddy	—	static	a built frontend served by the gateway
none	—	reference	an external service on another node

A program may have no deployment (just source you develop), or one/more deployments. Global settings live in castle.yaml (gateway, repo, agents). Config root defaults to ~/.castle/.

Prime directive: regular programs must never depend on castle. They take standard config (data dir, port, URLs) via env vars; only castle's own programs (CLI, gateway, api) know castle internals. When you scaffold or adopt a program, wire it with env vars — not castle imports.

→ Full reference: docs/registry.md (castle.yaml structure, every field, manifest models, lifecycle). Architecture rationale: docs/design.md.

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2. The castle CLI

Resource-first: operations live under the resource they act on. Names can collide across resource types, so the resource is explicit.

# Programs — the software catalog
castle program list [--kind service] [--stack python-cli] [--json]
castle program info <name> [--json]
castle program create <name> [--stack ...] [--description ...]   # scaffold NEW code
castle program add <path|git-url> [--name ...]                   # adopt EXISTING repo
castle program clone [name]                                      # provision repo: source
castle program delete <name> [--source] [-y]
castle program run <name> [args...]                              # declared run command
castle program build|test|lint|format|type-check|check [name]    # dev verbs

# Services — daemons (manager: systemd, no schedule)
castle service list|info <name> [--json]
castle service create <name> [--program P] [--port N] [--health ...] [--launcher ...]
castle service restart <name>             # imperative bounce
castle service logs <name> [-f] [-n 50]

# Jobs — scheduled tasks (manager: systemd + schedule). create takes --schedule
castle job create <name> [--program P] --schedule "0 2 * * *" [--launcher ...]
castle job <list|info|delete|restart|logs> ...

# Tools — CLIs on PATH (manager: path)
castle tool list [--json]          # each tool's executable + description + install state
castle tool info <name> [--json]

# Platform-wide
castle apply [name] [--plan]                       # converge runtime to config — the workhorse
castle list [--kind ...] [--stack ...] [--json]    # all deployments
castle status                                      # unified health/status
castle doctor                                      # diagnose setup + runtime, with fix hints
castle restart [name]                              # imperative bounce (one or all)
castle gateway                                     # gateway status + route table (inspection)

castle service/job/tool are views over the one deployment set, filtered by derived kind. Lifecycle is convergence: edit config, then castle apply renders units + the Caddyfile and reconciles the runtime (activate what's enabled, restart what changed, deactivate what's disabled). To durably turn a deployment off, set enabled: false and apply — there is no separate start/stop/enable. castle restart is the one imperative bounce.

Dev verbs resolve per-program: a declared commands: entry (or build:) overrides the program's stack default, else the stack handler, else the verb is unavailable — so a wired-in repo with no stack works if it declares its commands. All projects use uv (Python) / pnpm (frontends).

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3. Recipes

Create a new service (HTTP daemon)

castle program create my-service --stack python-fastapi --description "Does X"
cd /data/repos/my-service && uv sync         # implement it
castle program test my-service
castle service create my-service --program my-service --port 9001
castle apply my-service        # renders the unit + gateway route and starts it

The service reads its port/data dir from env vars that deployments/my-service.yaml maps via placeholders (see §6). Stack guide: docs/stacks/python-fastapi.md.

Create a CLI tool

castle program create my-tool --stack python-cli --description "Does Y"
cd /data/repos/my-tool && uv sync
castle apply my-tool                 # installs the path deployment on PATH

castle tool list --json is the machine-readable tool catalog (each tool's real executable, which may differ from the program name). Stack: docs/stacks/python-cli.md.

Create a scheduled job

A job is a manager: systemd deployment with a schedule (cron). Generates a .service (Type=oneshot) + a .timer.

castle job create nightly --program my-tool --schedule "0 2 * * *" --launcher command
castle apply nightly

Create a static frontend

# scaffold a Vite/React app under /data/repos/my-frontend (see docs/stacks/react-vite.md)
castle program build my-frontend                      # produces dist/
# deployments/my-frontend.yaml → manager: caddy, root: dist
castle apply                # served at my-frontend.<domain>

The gateway serves the build in place from <source>/<root> — no copy, no Node process. Stack: docs/stacks/react-vite.md. Database-backed apps on the shared Supabase substrate: docs/stacks/supabase.md.

Adopt an existing repo (no stack needed)

castle program add ~/projects/some-rust-tool        # local path
castle program add https://github.com/me/widget.git --name widget

Castle detects dev-verb commands (pyproject→uv/ruff/pytest, Cargo.toml→cargo, …) or you declare them under commands: in programs/<name>.yaml.

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4. The gateway — routing & exposure

The Caddy gateway (port 9000) is the single ingress. It's both a reverse proxy (to local services) and a static file server (for built frontends). It maps a public address (always a subdomain, <name>.<domain>) to a target:

target kind	is	declared by
proxy	a local service on a port	a service's proxy: true
static	a built frontend's dist/	a manager: caddy deployment's root:
remote	a service on another node	mesh discovery

Exposure is a checkbox on a service:

proxy: true    # expose at <service-name>.<gateway.domain>
public: true   # ALSO expose to the internet via Cloudflare tunnel (requires proxy)

• proxy: false/omitted → reachable only at its own host:port.
• The subdomain is always the service name (rename the service to change it).
• There are no path-prefix routes — a whole subdomain maps to the backend root, so root-relative assets and window.location WebSocket URLs just work.

Inspect routes: castle gateway / GET /gateway. Regenerate routes + reload the gateway: castle apply (converge). → Field-level detail: docs/registry.md.

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5. DNS & TLS — making names resolve and be trusted

Two orthogonal questions for https://foo.<domain>/ to work from a LAN browser: resolve (DNS) and trust (TLS). Castle doesn't run DNS — you add one wildcard record on the LAN's DNS server (usually the router): address=/<domain>/<node-ip> (dnsmasq) pinned with a DHCP reservation.

gateway.tls in castle.yaml picks the trust mode:

gateway.tls	serves	client setup	when
off (default)	plain HTTP on :9000	none	no HTTPS needed / no domain
acme	real Let's Encrypt wildcard *.<domain> via DNS-01	nothing	you own a domain; any device

acme gets a publicly-trusted cert with no CA to install, while services stay internal-only (DNS-01 writes a TXT to the public zone; only LAN DNS resolves the names — the public zone has no A records). HTTPS also unlocks secure context (crypto.subtle, service workers), which plain-HTTP LAN hosts lack.

acme operational prerequisites (castle can't do these for you):

• DNS-plugin Caddy at /usr/local/bin/caddy — ./install.sh --with-dns-plugin=cloudflare.
• Provider token stored as a secret and mapped into the gateway service env (CLOUDFLARE_API_TOKEN); castle apply warns if missing.
• Bind :443/:80 — lower the floor once: net.ipv4.ip_unprivileged_port_start=80 in /etc/sysctl.d/ (beats setcap, which NoNewPrivileges would void).
• Stage first: CASTLE_ACME_STAGING=1 at deploy, verify issuance, then unset and redeploy for a production cert.

→ Full conceptual + step-by-step guide: docs/dns-and-tls.md. Read the actual values for this node in ~/.castle/castle.yaml (gateway.domain, tls, etc.).

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6. Environment, secrets, data, placeholders

defaults.env in a deployment is the single explicit source of the env a service/job runs with — castle injects nothing implicitly. Map the vars your program reads to castle's computed values with placeholders:

expose: { http: { internal: { port: 9001 }, health_path: /health } }
defaults:
  env:
    MY_SERVICE_PORT: ${port}          # = expose.http.internal.port
    MY_SERVICE_DATA_DIR: ${data_dir}  # = $CASTLE_DATA_DIR/<name>
    PUBLIC_URL: ${public_url}          # gateway origin (CORS/allowlists)
    API_KEY: ${secret:MY_API_KEY}      # reads ~/.castle/secrets/MY_API_KEY

placeholder	expands to
${port}	the service's expose.http.internal.port
${data_dir}	$CASTLE_DATA_DIR/<name> (default /data/castle/<name>)
${name}	the deployment name
${public_url}	https://<name>.<domain> under acme, else http://localhost:<port>
${secret:NAME}	contents of ~/.castle/secrets/NAME (mode 700)

Never put secrets in castle.yaml or project dirs — use ${secret:…}. Roots: CASTLE_HOME (config/code/artifacts/secrets, default ~/.castle) and CASTLE_DATA_DIR (program data, default /data/castle) — both env-overridable.

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7. Public exposure — Cloudflare tunnel

public: true (requires proxy: true) projects a service to the internet at <name>.<gateway.public_domain> (a separate zone, so internal subdomain names stay out of public DNS). castle apply generates the cloudflared ingress from the set of public services. Needs gateway.public_domain + gateway.tunnel_id set and the castle-tunnel service running. → One-time setup: docs/tunnel-setup.md.

Routing only moves bytes — it does not supply a backend's own auth. Do not make a service public unless it authenticates or is meant to be open.

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8. Mesh — multi-node coordination (opt-in)

Disabled by default. Enable via env on castle-api: CASTLE_API_MQTT_ENABLED=true (+ _MQTT_HOST/_PORT), CASTLE_API_MDNS_ENABLED=true. Nodes then advertise/discover over MQTT (Mosquitto, castle-mqtt) + mDNS; remote deployments surface as manager: none reference kinds. Inspect: GET /mesh/status, GET /nodes. Modules: castle_api.mesh, .mqtt_client, .mdns.

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9. Where to read more

Topic	Doc
Registry model, castle.yaml, every field, lifecycle	docs/registry.md
Why castle is shaped this way	docs/design.md
DNS resolution + the two TLS modes, acme recipe	docs/dns-and-tls.md
Public exposure (cloudflared) one-time setup	docs/tunnel-setup.md
Writing FastAPI services	docs/stacks/python-fastapi.md
Writing CLI tools	docs/stacks/python-cli.md
Writing React/Vite frontends	docs/stacks/react-vite.md
Database-backed apps (shared Supabase)	docs/stacks/supabase.md
Developing Castle itself (CLI/core/api/app, key files, endpoints)	docs/developing-castle.md

Castle's own programs live in this repo (source: repo:<name> → cli, core, castle-api, app). Your programs live under /data/repos/<name>/ with an absolute source:. When in doubt about this node's actual config, read ~/.castle/castle.yaml and castle status.